Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) made his last journey to Mecca in the year 10 A.H., known as his Farewell Pilgrimage. This was the only Hajj he performed, and it set the example for how Muslims should complete the fifth pillar of Islam, Hajj. During this pilgrimage, on the 9th Dhul Hijjah in the year 632 C.E., the Prophet gave his final sermon in the Uranah Valley of Mount Arafat, a place where many Muslims gathered to listen the last sermon of Prophet Muhammad.
This farewell sermon is a timeless message directed to all of humanity. Its profound teachings continue to resonate across the world, reminding Muslims of their duties to Allah (SWT) and each other.
Muslims hear this important message in mosques and teachings, as it reminds us of our duties to Almighty Allah (SWT) and to each other. Although the Prophet (PBUH) is no longer with us, his powerful words still guide our hearts.
The Farewell Sermon of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.)
After expressing gratitude and praise to Allah Almighty (SWT), Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) began his final sermon by saying:
Translation of the Last Sermon of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again. Therefore listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and TAKE THESE WORDS TO THOSE WHO COULD NOT BE PRESENT HERE TODAY.
O People, just as you regard this month, this day, this city as sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you. Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds. Allah has forbidden you to take usury (interest); therefore all interest obligations shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. Allah has judged that there shall be no interest and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib (Prophet’s uncle) shall henceforth be waived…
Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.
O People, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under Allah’s trust and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers. And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.
O People, listen to me in earnest, worship Allah, perform your five daily prayers (salah), fast during the month of Ramadan, and give your wealth in zakat (almsgiving). Perform Hajj if you can afford it.
All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no superiority over black nor does a black have any superiority over a white except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.
Remember, one day you will appear before Allah and answer for your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.
O People, no prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the QURAN and my example, the SUNNAH and if you follow these you will never go astray. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people”.
In his sermon, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) shared a final revelation from Allah, completing the Quran:
“This day those who disbelieve have despaired of [defeating] your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islam as religion.” (Surah 5, Ayah 3)
Safwan’s brother, Rabiah (RA), who had a strong voice, repeated each sentence of the sermon to the thousands gathered, as requested by the Prophet. Near the end, the Prophet asked,
“O people, have I delivered my message to you faithfully?”
A resounding “Yes, O Allah!” echoed from the crowd.
The Prophet then raised his finger and said,
“O Allah, bear witness that I have conveyed Your message to Your people.”
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References:
(1) Muslim, vol:2, Hadith:456,
(2) Bukhari, vol:1,Hadith:69,1670,1672,1673, vol:3,Hadith:1723
